August 22, 2026–May 31, 2027

The works here represent the first generations of American artists following the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. In the nineteenth century, professional artists, many of whom were immigrants from Europe, began to flourish in East Coast cities such as New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. This selection of nineteenth-century paintings reflects a national optimism despite the tragedy of slavery and a looming Civil War that would shape the course of American history.

Featured at top right: Eastman Johnson, Wounded Drummer Boy (detail), ca. 1864-71. Oil on board. Gift of Mrs. Herbert S. Darlington, 1940.79.